Natural Environment
Physical or natural environment is
very essential for the prosperity of life on earth. Natural environment means
air water and all these things which are essentials for some form of life.
Necessary for a Healthy Life
Clean air to breathe pure water to
drink and food free for impurities are necessary for a healthy life.
Unnecessary Changes in Natural Environment
The unsuitable or unnecessary
changes in natural environment can be dangerous for the prosperity of life.
Polluted air, dusty water and impure food etc are injurious to human health.
The Present Condition of World
Now a day the whole world is facing
the dangerous problem of environmental pollution. The smoke from cars and
factories, solid waste, horn or any such noise are the causes of environment
pollution.
Effects of Pollutants
Let us now examine the effects of
pollutants in air, water, soil and food etc
Air
Composition of Air
The air is composed of nitrogen, oxygen
and carbon dioxide etc. These are the bases of existence of every form of life
on earth. The oxygen in the air is essential for our life. Where as other gas
are necassary for animal and plant life also
Food
Climate also effects our food. The
people of mountains use meat, barley and fruit. They need must food to save
their body from cold. The people of Punjab use milk, curd and lassi. The main
portion of the food of the people living near coastal areas is fish. In the
same way there is a large difference of food of villagers and the people living
in cities.
Pollutants are Increasing
With the increase in population of
the world use of fossil fuel or power resoures like coal, oil etc has
increased. By burning these fossil fuels the pollution has increased in the
air. Therefore, increase in population and industrial development, environment
especially air is being effected.
Water
Water is also necessary as like air.
We should drink clean and pure water. In 20th century with the industrial
revolution and increase in population the use of water has increased. But now a
day the availability of pure water to drink has become difficult.
Contaminates of water
Water has been contaminated by
different types of germs, bacteria, virus and other chemicals. So by the use of
contaminated water the diseases of stomach are spreading. Insecticides not only
damage the soil but they contaminate the food crops and vegetables. Different
kinds of fertilizers increase the yield of crops but the upper layer of soil
and increase the quantity of chemicals in the production.
Problem of Water Logging and Salinity
In those areas, where rainfall is
the irrigation system has made the cultivation of land possible. Due to canal
system a large amount of water is absorbed by the ground that raises the level
of underground water. This brings the salt of the soil out and effects the
fertility of the land and a problem of water logging and salinity is increased.
Therefore it is necassary that canals should be cemented to avoid the seepage
of water by the ground. Tube wells should be installed so that the ground water
level can be lowered in these effected areas.
Planted Trees
More trees should be planted on the
sides of tides and canals to avoids the flow of soil and decrease the salinity.
Polluted Water of Wastage Material
The polluted water of urban and
industrial areas is drained to the rivers and canals. This contaminated water
irrigates the agricultural land and gives very harmful results. So this
industrial and sewerage water should be recycled and then pumped into the
rivers and canals. The strict laws made by the government are not enforced
strictly to avoid the disasters.
Wastage Material
At this time out of 50 thousand
tones of solid waste produced daily only 20-50 percent is transported to clumps
properly. Rest of the solid waste becomes the part of water, soil and air etc
and damages the life.
To Control this Issue
Government feels that pollution is
harmful for human health. Therefore, National Conservation Strategy (NCS) is
working for improvement of environment. The main focus is on the improvements
of the institutions, legislation and environment awareness among the people, plantation
and marine pollution management. The government of Pakistan has allocated more
than Rs.287 million rupees for this purpose to control this issue.
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