The Roll of Quaid-e-Azam
PRELUDE
The services and dynamic leadership
of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah in the Pakistan Movement need no
introduction. In this movement, the personality of Quaid-e-Azam and his immense
struggle made the thought pall of the foundation of Pakistan easy and finally, the
Muslims of India were successful in reading their destination for which they
underwent a long journey under the Quaid.
THE SERVICES
OF QUAID-E-AZAM
1. Politics
During his stay in London, Muhammad
Ali Jinnah thoroughly studied the British Parliament. He also remained the
private secretary Dadabhoy Noorogi. He became the member of Indian National
Congress in 1906 till 1909.Due to these activities his political understanding
and his abilities in law had become a Universal truth. Therefore, when the
elections of Legislative council took place under Minto-Morley Reforms, so the
Quaid-e-Azam become the member of Council from Bombay. This was Quaid-e-Azam’s
first step in politics.
2. Ambassador
of Hindu Muslim Unity
Quaid-e-Azam was called the
“Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity”, because he thought it was important for the
independence of Sub Continent that there is complete unity among the Muslim and
Hindus. In 1913,when he became the member of Muslim League, he made hectic
efforts for the unity.
3. Lucknow
Pact
In 1916,the joint session of the
Muslim League and congress was held in Lucknow. On this historical occasion, an
agreement was signed between the Muslims and Hindus leaders which could lay the
foundation of Hindu Muslim unity, this agreement is known as Lucknow pact. The
man who was behind this was Quaid-e-Azam.
4. Quaid-e-Azam’s
Fourteen Points
In 1928,Pundit Moti lal Nehru, presented
a report which turned down all the Muslims demand. On the reply of Nehru
report, Quaid-e-Azam made a chart of minimum demands of Muslims and it was
known as” Quaid-e-Azam’s Fourteen Points”. This was the certainly the right
answer to the Nehru report.
5. Presidentship
of Muslim League
In 1933,Quaid-e-Azam was elected as
the permanent President of Muslim League due to which he permanently came back
to India in October 1935 and remained busy in the reconstruction of Muslim
League.
6. Government
of India Act (1935) and Elections of 1937
Quaid-e-Azam made some speeches in
favour of Government of India act (1935), due to which the British Government
accepted this act. According to Indian Act the provincial elections were
scheduled in 1935.Quaid-e-Azam travelled throughout the country for the
elections campaign so that he could unite the Muslims opinion but his efforts
did not proved to be successful. The Muslims suffered defeat even in Muslim
majority areas. However, Quaid-e-Azam remained hard as rock during these
difficult times.
7. Popularity
of League and Jinnah
When the Muslims of majority
provinces observed the rational attitude of the Congrss, they tried to make the
Muslim League effective and influential. Therefore, Punjab, Bengal and Sindh
became near to Jinnah and the Muslims of these areas decided to work under the
Muslim League.
8. Pakistan
Resolution
On 23rd March 1940,the historical
session of the Muslim League was held under the chairmanship of Mr. Jinnah at
Minto Park, Lahore. At this historical occasion a resolution known as Pakistan
Resolution was passed in which the Muslims demand for the first separate
independent homeland.
9. Jinnah
-Gandhi Talks (1944)
Gandhi held talks with Jinnah to
discuss about the future of India, but no fruitful results came out of its
because Gandhi did not accept Muslims as a separate nation.
Louis Fleisher wrote:
“The wall between Jinnah and Gandhi was the Two Nation Theory.”
10. Simla
Conference-1945
Lord Wavell called a conference at
Simla. The conference failed to achieve any purpose due to one-sided attitude
of Lord Wavell. In this conference Quaid-e-Azam made it crystal clear that only
the Muslim League can represent Muslims of India.
11. General
Elections -1945-1946
Elections for the central and
provincial assemblies were held in 1945-1946 in which Muslim League won 30
seats of central legislative meant for Muslims and 430 seats out of 495 in the
provincial legislative .Quad said this occasion:
“I have no doubt now the achievement of Pakistan. The Muslims of India
told the world what they want. No power of world can topple the opinion of 10
crore Muslims of India.”
12. Formation
of Pakistan
On 14th August ,1947,Pakistan came
into being as a separate self-governing Dominion and the Quaid became the first
Governor General of Pakistan.
13. Problems
of Pakistan and Jinnah
The problems which the Quaid-e-Azam
had to face as Governor General of Pakistan were not only due to the happenings
in East Punjab and to provide shelter for the millions of refugees. What
immensely increased the difficulties of the new state was the fact that it had
yet to organize itself.
DEATH OF THE
GREAT LEADER
It was due to immense hard work for
the Muslims that his health failed. The great leader breathed his last on 11th September
1948 and was buried at Karachi. His demise was mourned not only by Pakistan but
by the whole world.
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