Political Events From 1940 to 1947
INTRODUCTION
The era from 1940 to 1947 is the era
of rapid changes. Many important events in the most prominent among them. In
the past, the demand of Pakistan was not raised clearly. It was due to Muslim
achievements in this period that now we are living in a sovereign and
independent state. The political events from Pakistan Resolution to the
establishment of Pakistan are summarized under:
1940
23rd March-Pakistan Resolution
The attitude of the Hindus made it
clear that the Hindus and the Muslims were two separate nations. On March 23rd
,at the annual session of Muslim League at Lahore, the famous resolution, commonly
known as the Pakistan Resolution was passed. It was presented by Maulvi Fazlul
Haq.Quiad-e-Azam said in his address:
“By all means Muslims are one nation and they need a separate homeland
where they could live their spiritual, cultural, economical, social and
political lives independently.”
8th August -August Offer
It was proposed to enlarged governor
general councils to include members from political parties. War Advisory
Committee was also launched. Both league and Congress rejected the offer.
1942
12th -15th April-Civil Disobedience Movement
28th session of League was held at
Madras in which a resolution was adopted on Civil Disobedience Movement
launched by Congress.
23rd March-Crisp Mission
Sir Stafford Cripps was sent by the
British Government to India, to discuss with Indian leaders, the future Indian
Constitutions. His proposal was rejected by both the Congress and the League. The
Congress Characterized them us “a post-dated cheque on a failing bank.”Jinnah
said that if these were accepted “Muslims would become a minority in their
majority provinces as well.”
8th August-Quit India
Congress initiated it against
British, it was “open rebellion” due to which many people were killed League
raised a slogan of “Divide and Quite India”.
1943
27th December-Action Committee
It was formed to prepare and
organized Muslims of India for coming struggle for achievements of Pakistan.
1944
9th September-Gandhi Jinnah Talks
Gandhi held talks with Jinnah to
discuss about the future of India, but no fruitful results came out of it
because Gandhi did not accept Muslims as a separate nation.
“The wall between Jinnah and Gandhi was the Two Nation Theory.”
1945
25th June-Simla Conference
Lord Wavell called a conference at
Simla. The conference failed to achieve any purpose due to one sided attitude
of Lord Wavell. In this conference ,Quiad-e-Azam made it crystal clear that the
Muslim League can represent Muslim of India.
2nd December General Elections
Elections for the central and
provincial assemblies were held in 1945-1946 in which Muslim League won 30
seats of central legislative meant for Muslims and 430 seats out of 495 in the
provincial legislative .Quiad-e-Azam said on this occasion:
“I have no doubt now in the achievement of Pakistan. The Muslims of
India told the world what they want .No power of world can topple the opinion
of 10 crore Muslims of India.”
1946
24th March-Cabinet Mission
Cabinet Mission visited India in 1946
and submitted its recommendations to the Britishers. As a result Interim
Government was formed but Congress and league couldn’t co-operate amongst
themselves.
8th-9th April-Delhi Convention
Quaid-e-Azam called a convention of
all Muslims League members at Delhi. At the convention every member took the
pledge to under go any danger for the attainment of national goal of Pakistan.
16th August-Direct Action Day
League withdraw its acceptance of
Cabinet Mission and Direct Action Day was observed peacefully throughout India,
except in Calcutta, where riots broke out.
1947
3rd June -3rd June Plan
Lord Mount Batten prepared the plan
for transference of power according to the wish of people. He emphasized on the
partition of country and told that it was the only solution of the Indian
political deadlock. Both League and Congress accepted the plan.
18th July-Indian Independence Act
In July, the British parliament
passed the Indian Independence act which was enforced promptly. The Muslims of
the Sub Continent finally succeeded in carrying out an independent Islamic
State for Muslims.
14th August -Transfer of Power
The transfer of power ceremony was
held in Karachi. On August 15,Quaid-e-Azam was sworn in as Governor General of
Pakistan and Mr. Liaqat Ali Khan was appointed his Prime Minister.
“That was the culmination of a long struggle which the Muslims of the
South Asian Sub Continent had waged for a separate homeland in the name of
Islam.”
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