Location and Climate of Pakistan
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
Pakistan is situated in continent of
Asia between 23.30 degree and 36.45 degree latitude (North) and 61 degree and
75.45 degree longitude (East).India is situated on Pakistan’s Eastern border, China
lies to the North-East while Afghanistan is situated in North-West. In North
only a narrow belt of 15 miles in Afghanistan ,called “Wakhan” separates
Pakistan from Russia to the West lies Iran and in the South is the Arabian Sea.
AREA AND
POPULATION
The total area of Pakistan is 796096
sq.km. and its population is about 130 million according to 1998 census.
Pakistan comprises of four provinces,
viz, Sindh, Baluchistan, the Punjab and the N.W.F.P. Islamabad is the Capital
of Pakistan.
IMPORTANCE OF
PAKISTAN’S LOCATION
The following discussions throw light
on the importance of Pakistan’s location;
1. Situation
Pakistan is situated in a region of
great economic, political and military importance. Among its neighboring
countries are China and Russia which are reckoned to be among the countries
recognized as super powers.
2. Karachi as
an Important Port
The industrial progress of the
Western countries depends upon the oil of the Gulf States. This oil is carried
through Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean. Karachi is an important port of the
Arabian Sea. The foreign policy of Pakistan can, therefore, affect and
movement.
3. As a
center of the Muslim World
Pakistan is situated in the center of
Muslim world. To the west of Pakistan, starting from Afghanistan and Iran lies
a chain of Muslim countries passing through Asia and terminating at the Eastern
coast of the Atlantic Ocean i.e the Middle East, Gulf and Africa. To the East
of Pakistan, starting from Bangladesh lies another chain of Muslim countries
while to the North there are six Muslim countries which gained independence
from Russia in 1991.
4. Control
Over Warm Water
The seas of Russia are mostly snow
capped and are not fit for navigation for the larger part of the year. To take
active part in international trade, Russia dreams to have control over the warm
water of the Indian sea. But Pakistan is a hurdle in its way and thus enjoys an
important position in the scene of international trade.
Position in Third World Countries
Pakistan is a great supporter of the
unity of the third World countries.
CLIMATE OF
PAKISTAN
Climate is an average or general
conditions of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, rainfall of a place.
The climate of Pakistan, on the whole is dry and extreme. It means that the
summers are extremely hot and winters are extremely cold and there is a little
rainfall during the year.
SEASONS OF
PAKISTAN
There are the following four seasons
in Pakistan:
1. Summer-May to mid September.
2. Winter-November to February
3. Autumn-September to November
4. Spring-March and April
CLIMATIC REGIONS OF PAKISTAN
In Pakistan climate varies from place
to place. Pakistan may be divided into the following four regions according to
climate:
The North and North Western Mountainous Area
This region consists of the North and
the North-Western Mountainous areas. This region has a very severe winter and
the temperature falls bellow the freezing point. In this area the winter
seasons remains from six to eight months. On the other hand, summers of this
region are very pleasant.
The Upper
Indus Plain
Below the Northern Mountainous Area
is the upper Indus plain. In this area the summer is very hot. The Months of
May, June and first week of July are very hot because in this period there is
no rainfall. However, the climate here becomes pleasant when rain falls in
July. The Winter season of the upper Indus Plains is very pleasant but it does
not last long.
The Coastal
Areas and the Lower Indus Valley
The temperature of the coastal areas
and the lower Indus valley does not rise due to sea land breeze. In this region
rain does not fall, however due to blowing of sea breeze humidity is found in
the air. Sea breeze keeps the climate pleasant. There is not much difference in
the temperature of different months in this region.
The Plateau
of Baluchistan and the Thar Desert
In Summer, the temperature of the
plateau of Baluchistan and the Thar desert rises. Most of the Mountainous
regions of Baluchistan are dry and hot. The Winter season is very severe in
Baluchistan and sometimes snow falls in certain parts.
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