Chapter - 10
Windows Desktop
Windows
“Desktop” is like a working surface of a desk. Desktop is where your
applications, folders and shortcuts are located. Desktop contains the following
items.
1. Icons
2. Taskbar
3. Start Button
The function of these desktop items is given below:
1. Icons
2. Taskbar
3. Start Button
The function of these desktop items is given below:
1. Icon
An
icon is a small colourful graphical picture that represents an object like a
file, folder, program or any hardware components of the computer. Every icon
has a lable, which identifies it. The labels can be changed.
Windows operating system uses different icons to represent files, folders and applications. Icons found on the desktop are normally left aligned. Icons of the Desktop. The icons provided by windows are:
Windows operating system uses different icons to represent files, folders and applications. Icons found on the desktop are normally left aligned. Icons of the Desktop. The icons provided by windows are:
1. My Documents
2. My Computer
3. My Network Places
4. Recycle Bin
5. Internet Explorer
2. My Computer
3. My Network Places
4. Recycle Bin
5. Internet Explorer
2. Task
Bar
The
task bar is at the bottom of the desktop but you can move it to the top or
either side of the screen by clicking and dragging it to the new location.
Buttons representing programs currently running on your computer appears on the
task bar. At the very left of the task bar is the start button. At the right
side is an area called the system tray? Here you will find graphical
representation of various background operations. It also shows the system
clock.
3. Start
Button
Start
button is found at the lower left corner of the screen. Click once on the start
button to open a menu of choices. Through this button we can open the programs,
installed on your computer and access all the utilities available in the
windows environment.
We can shutdown, restart and/or standby the computer by using the start button.
Start menu displays a menu of choices:
We can shutdown, restart and/or standby the computer by using the start button.
Start menu displays a menu of choices:
1. Programs
2. Favorites
3. Documents
4. Settings
5. Find
6. Help
7. Run
8. Shutdown
2. Favorites
3. Documents
4. Settings
5. Find
6. Help
7. Run
8. Shutdown
Short Notes
Recycle
Bin
Recycle
bin makes it easy to delete and undelete files and folders. When a file or
folder is deleted from any location, Windows stores it in the recycle bin. If a
file is deleted accidentally, you can move it back from the recycle bin. We can
also empty recycle bin to save disk space.
Steps to move back the file or folder from the recycle bin.
1. Open Recycle bin by double clicking on its icon.
2. Select the file or folder you want to move back.
3. Click the right mouse.
4. A menu will appear, choose restore from it.
5. Windows will move the file or folder back to the location from where it was deleted.
Steps to move back the file or folder from the recycle bin.
1. Open Recycle bin by double clicking on its icon.
2. Select the file or folder you want to move back.
3. Click the right mouse.
4. A menu will appear, choose restore from it.
5. Windows will move the file or folder back to the location from where it was deleted.
My
Computer
My
computer lets you browse the contents of your computer. The common tasks that
we can perform through my computer are:
1. Access information stored as different storage devices connected with the computer, such as hard disk, floppy disk or CDROM.
2. Create, move, copy, delete or rename files, folders and programs from one disk to another disk.
3. Execute or run programs from the disks.
4. Configure devices of the computer.
5. Add or remove a printer.
1. Access information stored as different storage devices connected with the computer, such as hard disk, floppy disk or CD
2. Create, move, copy, delete or rename files, folders and programs from one disk to another disk.
3. Execute or run programs from the disks.
4. Configure devices of the computer.
5. Add or remove a printer.
My
Documents
It
is a desktop folder that provides a convenient place to store documents,
graphics or other files that you want to access quickly. On the desktop it is
represented by a folder with a sheet of paper in it. When you save a file in a
program such as word pad or paint, the file is by default saved in my documents
unless you choose a different location.
The following steps may be followed to open a document from its window.
1. Move the mouse pointer to My Documents icon.
2. Double click on it to open its windows.
3. Double click on any of its item to open it.
The following steps may be followed to open a document from its window.
1. Move the mouse pointer to My Documents icon.
2. Double click on it to open its windows.
3. Double click on any of its item to open it.
Windows
It
is a rectangular area of Screen that displays different information. In windows
every folder or application has a window. Following are the properties of a
window:
1. Every window has a title bar which displays the name of the window.
2. A window can be resized, minimized and maximized by pressing the buttons at the top right corner, of the title bar.
3. A window can be closed by pressing the x button at the right of the title bar.
4. A window can be moved at any location of the screen.
1. Every window has a title bar which displays the name of the window.
2. A window can be resized, minimized and maximized by pressing the buttons at the top right corner, of the title bar.
3. A window can be closed by pressing the x button at the right of the title bar.
4. A window can be moved at any location of the screen.
Items of
Start Menu
Start
menu displays a menu of choices:
1. Programs
2. Favorites
3. Documents
4. Settings
5. Find
6. Help
7. Run
8. Shutdown
1. Programs
2. Favorites
3. Documents
4. Settings
5. Find
6. Help
7. Run
8. Shutdown
Programs
Place
the mouse pointer to the programs entry and a sub menu will open, showing all
programs or applications currently installed. To open a program, which has been
installed on your computer, click on it and the program will open.
Favorites
Favorites
menu present a list of the Internet addresses that you have added to your
Internet Explorer Favorite List.
Documents
The
Documents menu lists the files you have recently worked on. You can open the
most recently used document directly from here. To open a document from this
list, simply click on it and the document will open.
Settings
This
menu provides the facility to change or configure the hardware or software
settings of the computer. This menu leads to several choices.
The individual icons in the Control Panel refer to a variety of tools to control the way of your computer, its components presents information, as well as the tools to control the behaviour and appearance of the Windows interface.
The individual icons in the Control Panel refer to a variety of tools to control the way of your computer, its components presents information, as well as the tools to control the behaviour and appearance of the Windows interface.
The
Find/Search
This
option of the start menu helps in locating files or folders stored on the hard
disk or network. This command is very helpful in case we forget the exact
location of a file or folder that we want to access. The search option present
different ways for finding a file or folder. These options include search based
on name, type, size, and date and storage location of the file or folder. It
opens a dialog box, where the user can type a name of the file or folder to
search for. The procedure of using this command is given below:
1. Click on Find option of the start menu, the Find dialog box will appear.
2. Enter the name of the file or folder in the Named text box.
3. From the Look in drop down list box choose the location where you imagine that your desired file or folder may be present.
4. Click on the Find now button to start search.
5. If find dialog box successfully searches the location of the desired file or folder, it will display it in the window below this dialog box.
1. Click on Find option of the start menu, the Find dialog box will appear.
2. Enter the name of the file or folder in the Named text box.
3. From the Look in drop down list box choose the location where you imagine that your desired file or folder may be present.
4. Click on the Find now button to start search.
5. If find dialog box successfully searches the location of the desired file or folder, it will display it in the window below this dialog box.
Help
To
access the Help system of windows, you can select Help from the start menu.
Help option helps us how to use the commands and menus and in case of problems
how to trouble shoot the windows operating system.
Run
This
command is used to execute a command or program directly instead of using the
icon or program menu. Press the “Browse” button to locate the program you want
to open through Run command.
Shut Down
Shutdown
is a process in which computer closes all programs currently running and
disconnects the devices connected with it and turns it self off. Following step
are followed to shutdown the computer.
1. Click on the start button to open the Start Menu.
2. Click on the Shut Down.
3. Shut down dialog box will appear.
4. Choose the shut down option from the list nd click the “OK” button.
1. Click on the start button to open the Start Menu.
2. Click on the Shut Down.
3. Shut down dialog box will appear.
4. Choose the shut down option from the list nd click the “OK” button.
Item of
the Control Panel
Control
Panel contains a number of icons used to perform different settings of the
computer. The frequently used icons are:
Accessibility
Options
The
accessibility options make it easier for people with disabilities to operate a computer
without installing special software. Accessibility options such as Sticky Keys,
Show Sounds and Mouse Keys are designed to help users with specific
disabilities take full advantage of the computer.
Add New
Hardware
It
is used to install a new hardware to the computer. Every new hardware comes
with a device driver program that connects it to the computer. For example we
can connect a digital camera and installs its driver with this icon.
Add/Remove
Programs
This
option helps us in installing new software or removes software that we no
longer want to keep in the computer. It lists all the applications or programs
currently installed on the computer. Programs should be un-installed or removed
through this icon instead of deleting them one by one.
Date/Time
This
option allows us to change or set the Date and Time of the computer system. The
date and time are displayed on the system tray on Task bar. We can also bring
the date and time settings dialog box by double clicking time from the system
tray.
Display
It
is used to change the display setting of the monitor. It has a number of tabs
that changes or sets the display properties of the monitor screen. We can also
bring the display properties dialog box right from the desktop by clicking the
right mouse button on any blank space and selecting properties from the menu.
Fonts
This
option can be used to add new fonts in the systems font’s folder can also copy
or remove fonts from this icon.
Internet
Options
It
changes settings from the web browser software. Web Browser software is used in
the Internet to open web pages.
Modems
Modem
is a hardware device that enables the computers to make a dialup networking. We
can connect to the Internet by modems. By using this option we can add modern
driver and change its dialing settings.
Mouse
By
using this option we change the mouse pointer styles and button setting of the
mouse.
Printers
This
option allows us to add or remove a driver of the printer that is connected to
the computer or on a network. Settings of the printer can also change through
this option.
System
This
option provided us system information about all the devices connected to the
computer.
Users
This
option is helpful in managing different users of the same computer.
Computer
Virus
In
the pas few years, a new processing crimes has gained the attention of compute
users all over the world. Some people have found a way to create programs that
silently replicate themselves on storage media without the computer users
realizing it. These programmers are referred to as computer viruses. A computer
virus is a program that literally infects other programs and databases upon
contact. When the program is loaded into the computer, the virus attaches
itself to other programs that are residing in the system. When some one inserts
an infected disk into a computer, the files in computer’s memory become
infected. The reverse is also true, that is a disk used in an infected computer
becomes infected. Computer can be infected when a hacker creates a virus and
sends it over the phone lines to a network. Since network is connected to
thousands of computer, the infection is carried to all the connected computers.
Running a program or accessing the network or infected disk activities the
virus without the user’s knowledge.
There are many types of viruses. Some act quickly by erasing user programs and files on disk. Other grow like a cancer, destroying small parts of a file each day. Some acts like a time bomb. They lay dormant for days or months and all of a sudden becomes active, attacking on any software on the system at a particular time. When the virus at a computer, it performs the activities assigned to it for which it was created.
There are many types of viruses. Some act quickly by erasing user programs and files on disk. Other grow like a cancer, destroying small parts of a file each day. Some acts like a time bomb. They lay dormant for days or months and all of a sudden becomes active, attacking on any software on the system at a particular time. When the virus at a computer, it performs the activities assigned to it for which it was created.
Virus
Activities
Some
of the activities that a virus has been programmed to do are:
1. Copy themselves to other programs.
2. Display information on the screen.
3. Destroy data files
4. Erase an entire hard disk
5. Lie dormant for a specified time or until a given condition is met.
Like the viruses that cause cold and diseases in humans, computer viruses do not occur naturally. A virus program may be harmless, simply producing an obscene or silly unexpectedly on the computer screen. But it may also be a very destructive and harmful. It may wipe out huge amount of data or corrupt files on the user’s hard disk. Whatever is the motive behind it anger, revenge or intellectual challenge, it is clear that people creating virus do not have respect for other people’s hard work.
1. Copy themselves to other programs.
2. Display information on the screen.
3. Destroy data files
4. Erase an entire hard disk
5. Lie dormant for a specified time or until a given condition is met.
Like the viruses that cause cold and diseases in humans, computer viruses do not occur naturally. A virus program may be harmless, simply producing an obscene or silly unexpectedly on the computer screen. But it may also be a very destructive and harmful. It may wipe out huge amount of data or corrupt files on the user’s hard disk. Whatever is the motive behind it anger, revenge or intellectual challenge, it is clear that people creating virus do not have respect for other people’s hard work.
Anti-Virus
Computer
users need to protect their computers from viruses until they are eradicated
from the source and until they no longer exist. Fortunately there are solutions
to safe guard your system against viruses. The first thing that you need to
know is the ways in which your system may be infected. The most common ways that
may infect your system are:
1. A floppy or a removable hard disk from another user may be a carrier of
virus.
2. Virus may be transmitted to other computers via Network. That is your system may be infected when you link your system with another user, an online service, or the Internet.
3. Program purchased from unauthorized dealers may be the potential carrier of viruses.
A number of programs have been designed to protect software from viruses. These are called anti-virus programs. However no anti-virus programs guarantees protection against all viruses. If you suspect that a program is a carrier of virus, you can analyze the program using anti-virus program to see if it contains any know viruses. Most anti-virus programs can be used to eliminate to a virus found in a disk. Many computer users have installed these anti-virus programs on their computers. A good anti-virus program checks for infected files automatically every time you insert any kind of disk or use your modem to retrieve a file, several anti-virus programs rae available and some are even free. Some common anti-virus programs are:
2. Virus may be transmitted to other computers via Network. That is your system may be infected when you link your system with another user, an online service, or the Internet.
3. Program purchased from unauthorized dealers may be the potential carrier of viruses.
A number of programs have been designed to protect software from viruses. These are called anti-virus programs. However no anti-virus programs guarantees protection against all viruses. If you suspect that a program is a carrier of virus, you can analyze the program using anti-virus program to see if it contains any know viruses. Most anti-virus programs can be used to eliminate to a virus found in a disk. Many computer users have installed these anti-virus programs on their computers. A good anti-virus program checks for infected files automatically every time you insert any kind of disk or use your modem to retrieve a file, several anti-virus programs rae available and some are even free. Some common anti-virus programs are:
1. McAfee Virus Scan
2. Norton Antivirus
3. Virex
2. Norton Antivirus
3. Virex
thank you for your sharing
ReplyDeleteCynthia
PDR