Biology is divided into following branches:
Morphology
The study of form and structure of living organisms
is called morphology. It can be further divided into following two parts:
1. The study of external parts of living organism is called external
morphology.
2. The study of internal parts of living organism is called internal morphology
or anatomy.
Histology
The study of cells and tissues with the aid of the
microscope is called Histology.
Cell Biology
The study of structure and functions of cells and
their organelles is called Cell Biology.
Physiology
The study of different functions performed by
different parts of living organism is called Physiology.
Ecology
The study of organisms in relation to each other
and their environment is called Ecology or Environmental Biology.
Taxanomy
Living organisms are classified into groups and
subgroups on the basis of similarities and differences. This is called
classification Taxanomy is that branch of biology in which organisms are
classified and given scientific names.
Embryology
The study of development of an organism from
fertilized egg (zygote) is called embryology. The stage between zygote and
newly hatched or born baby is called embryo.
Genetics
The study of methods and principles of biological
inheritance of characters from parents to their offspring is called genetics.
Paleontology
The body parts of ancient organisms or their
impressions preserved in rocks are called fossils. The study of fossils is
called paleontology. It also includes the study of origin and evolution of
organisms.
It can be divided into two parts:
1. The study of fossils of plants is called Palaeobotany.
2. The study of fossils of animals is called Palaeozoology.
Biochemistry
The study of metabolic reactions taking place in
living organisms is called biochemistry. These reactions may be constructive or
destructive. The assimilation of food is a constructive process and respiration
is a destructive process.
Biotechnology
It is the branch of biology which deals with the
practical application of organisms and their components for the welfare of
human beings e.g. disinfections and preservations of food, preservations of
insulin and biogas from bacteria etc.
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