The present high level achievements of man are
largely due to the advanced biological research. The study of biology is very
important in routine matters of our life as described below.
Food Production
Food has basic importance in our life. Due to
researches in biology, there are great achievements in agriculture. For the
production of cereal crops; the best varieties of seeds were selected. The
yield of wheat corn, rice, sugarcane and cotton has been enormously increased
bringing healthy effect and prosperity. Today, the man has overcome the
problems of balanced diet, food storage and famine.
Control on Diseases
Health is basic necessity of life. Due to
researches in biology, the discovery of new antibiotics for many infectious
diseases like plague, cholera, pneumonia, tuberculosis and typhoid has made the
life easy. The infant mortality has reduced due to discovery of vaccines for
fatal diseases like small pox, polio, tetanus and diphtheria. Today AIDS is
problem for world. The germs of this disease destroy the natural resistance and
immunities against diseases.
A medicine called AZT has been found effective for AIDS. Similarly many drugs
have been discovered for treatment of cancer. Many organisms are used to
produce drugs e.g. bacteria and fungi. We have controlled many infectious
diseases by using drugs like penicillin and streptomycin. We have eliminated
many harmful pests like locusts, flour beetle, termites, fungi, shipworm etc by
using pesticides.
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a technology in which useful
genes are inserted into the bacteria etc, to get required beneficial results.
Using this technique, manipulation of heredity material is done and new species
are produced e.g. Doli sheep. Today human insulin gene is inserted into DNA of
bacteria to synthesize insulin on commercial bases. This insulin is found to be
very useful in treatment of diabetic patients.
Pollution Control
Due to increasing urbanization, industrialization
and automobiles, the man and other organisms have to face a great danger, “the
environmental pollution”. due to pollution of air, land and water there is
danger to humans aid wild life. Many plants and animals have been maintaining
the balance in our environment for millions of years and now at the verge of
extinction due to pollution. By biological research, scientists are busy to
find out causes and ways to control the pollution. The biology thus, has
greatly improved the quality of our life.
Space Biology
On Mars, some evidence of life has been found which
is still under further investigation. During exploration of space the
scientists have been conducted experiments on different plants, animals, fungi
and bacteria in space and they have obtained very useful information.
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