Fats and
Oils
They are
also organic compounds found in plants, animals and humans. They are very
important compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Fats contain more
carbon and hydrogen as compared to oxygen. A fat molecule has two parts,
glycerol and fatty acids.
Fatty Acids
Different
kinds of fats contain different fatty acids. Fatty acids are basically of
following two types:
1. Unsaturated Fatty Acids
2. Saturated Fatty Acids
Unsaturated fatty acids (molecules with one or more than one double bonds) are liquids at room temperature and are called oils. These are good for human health. Saturated fatty acids (molecules without double bond) are solid at room temperature and are called fat. They are not good for human health because they increase cholesterol level in the body. They cause narrowing of blood vessels which may result in heart attack.
1. Unsaturated Fatty Acids
2. Saturated Fatty Acids
Unsaturated fatty acids (molecules with one or more than one double bonds) are liquids at room temperature and are called oils. These are good for human health. Saturated fatty acids (molecules without double bond) are solid at room temperature and are called fat. They are not good for human health because they increase cholesterol level in the body. They cause narrowing of blood vessels which may result in heart attack.
Vegetable Sources
Vegetable
fats are liquid and are called oils e.g. mustard oil, olive oil, coconut oil,
corn oil. etc.
Animal Sources
Animal
fats are solids e.g. butter, ghee and fatty meat.
Source of Energy
Fats and oils are rich
source of energy they provide double energy as compared to carbohydrates and
proteins. One gram of fat on oxidation releases 9.1 kilo cal of energy to make
ATP.
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